The Child?s Hidden Tiger Essay -- essays research papers

The Child’s Hidden Tiger In the short story The Child by Tiger, Thomas Wolfe portrays mans dark side through the unexpected madness of the seemingly good-natured Dick Prosser and the actions taken by the town people. This story is set in an era when people believed race determined the moral character of a person. Many viewed blacks as social outcast and hence the cause of most crimes. This is true to the extent that African Americans were committing a large number of petty crimes, but were they really the cause. Many factors play into determining a cause, and in this case it is quite evident that the social conditions in which African Americans were forced to live in contributed to there social behavior. However, can these pressures push a man to mental madness and drive him towards mass murder? It is not just to say that he is without fault, but it is true to say that, the coldness of one man will decrease the warmth of another. The story gives us a glimpse of Dick’s life a short period before the cl imax. We are left to probe clues and use our imagination and intuition to come to a personal conclusion of why Dick committed mass murder. The time in which the story takes place was a period of severe racial discrimination especially toward Blacks. The most prevalent attitude toward African Americans was that they were somehow inferior to the whites. This is evident by the referral of Dick as the â€Å"Shepperton’s Negro man† (Wolfe 24). â€Å"Mr. Shepperton himself Arellano 2 declared ... The Child?s Hidden Tiger Essay -- essays research papers The Child’s Hidden Tiger In the short story The Child by Tiger, Thomas Wolfe portrays mans dark side through the unexpected madness of the seemingly good-natured Dick Prosser and the actions taken by the town people. This story is set in an era when people believed race determined the moral character of a person. Many viewed blacks as social outcast and hence the cause of most crimes. This is true to the extent that African Americans were committing a large number of petty crimes, but were they really the cause. Many factors play into determining a cause, and in this case it is quite evident that the social conditions in which African Americans were forced to live in contributed to there social behavior. However, can these pressures push a man to mental madness and drive him towards mass murder? It is not just to say that he is without fault, but it is true to say that, the coldness of one man will decrease the warmth of another. The story gives us a glimpse of Dick’s life a short period before the cl imax. We are left to probe clues and use our imagination and intuition to come to a personal conclusion of why Dick committed mass murder. The time in which the story takes place was a period of severe racial discrimination especially toward Blacks. The most prevalent attitude toward African Americans was that they were somehow inferior to the whites. This is evident by the referral of Dick as the â€Å"Shepperton’s Negro man† (Wolfe 24). â€Å"Mr. Shepperton himself Arellano 2 declared ...

Loneliness is an important theme in ‘Of Mice and Men’ Essay

In ‘Of Mice and Men’, there are three lonely characters. Candy, Crooks and Curleys wife. The novel is set in the 1930’s, and shows you what living conditions certain people were under. Candy is an old man, who has been working on the ranch, for years. He’s got his hand cut, by accident, and since then, he has always been at risk of getting fired. He’s a very lonely character, because of his age, and because he doesn’t spend time with the other workers, due to his accident. He has had a dog, since it was a puppy. And it seems that his dog, is the only loyal friend he has got. But since Carlson, has shot his dog, he has been feeling lonelier than ever. There is a lot of age discrimination. And everyone sees him as an old man, waiting to die. There’s a big comparison between Candy and his dog. His dog is also old and lonely, and Carlson wanting to shoot it, is like saying that Candy’s time is over as well. Also Candy feels guilty not shooting his dog himself, instead of a stranger (Carlson). â€Å"I ought to of shot that dog myself, George. I shouldn’t ought to of let no stranger shooting my dog.† Candy’s dog was more than just a dog to him, it was his companion. Crooks is another lonely character in the novel. He has been working on the ranch, for a long time, and he also is injured. A horse kicked him on the back, and now he can’t stand up right. He lives in the stable buck, and keeps himself occupied with books. One of the books he has got is a copy of the ‘California Civil Code’ for 1905. I think he had this book to remind himself, that he has rights, even though he is black. Nobody will give him these rights though. I think he is the loneliest character in the novel. This is because his only communication is with the Boss, and his son Curley. As their conversations, are only about work, they don’t have a friendship with each other. But he still keeps his pride, for example, when Lennie comes to his room; he says, â€Å"You got no right to come in my room. This here’s my room. Nobody got any right in here but me.† He says that, even though he really wants to talk to somebody. But he assumes, that Lennie has the same attitude, as other white people. That’s why he says; he doesn’t want him in his room. But as he finds out, that Lennie’s ‘mind’ is like a kids, so he doesn’t share the same opinions about black people as white’s, he doesn’t mind him in his room. Crooks starts telling/asking Lennie what he would do if George didn’t come back, that indicates, that he is explaining how it is for him, how he hasn’t got anyone to confront. Then Lennie and Candy start telling Crooks about their dream. Then Crooks says, â€Å"†¦If you†¦guys would want a hand to work for nothing – just his keep, why I’d come an’ lend a hand. I ain’t so crippled I can’t work like a son-of-a-bitch if I want to.† Curley’s wife is the only female in the novel. Her status as the Boss’s son’s wife doesn’t make any difference on the ranch. As other male workers won’t associate with her, as they will get in trouble, with Curley, who is her jealous husband. She married Curley, not because she loves him, but because of his status, wealth and because she wanted to get away from home. She doesn’t have any friends, so therefore, to have conversations with the male workers; she has to flirt her way. She is very beautiful, and the workers find her very attracting. But because they don’t want to get into trouble, they try to stay away from her, by for example saying â€Å"Maybe you better go along your own house now. We don’t want no trouble.† She knows that they all fancy her in some way, e.g. â€Å"Funny thing, if I catch any one man, and he’s alone, I get along fine with him. But just let two of the guys get together an’ you won’t talk. Jus’ nothing but mad.† Because of the time and place (1930’s, Soledad), Curley’s wife, as a woman, don’t have as many rights as men, and living on a ranch with male workers, doesn’t make it any easier. In the novel, Steinbeck, has written Curleys’s wife’s character, so we wouldn’t have any sympathy for her. This might suggest that, he wants, to show/tell us, that men didn’t give any sympathy to women either. Lennie likes Curley’s wife a lot, because of her looks. So Curley’s wife takes advantage of that, by trying to build up a ‘friendship’ with him. Also to show him, that what the other male workers are saying isn’t true. That she can be sensitive, and that she isn’t trying to cause trouble to anyone. For example when she lets Lennie touch her hair, â€Å"Course I brush it a lot. That makes it fine. Here – feel right here.† She also tells Lennie about her dream, her dream to become an actress. She confines in him, because she thinks that he’s the only one who wants to listen to her. He’s a listener.

Cultural Modesty - 3228 Words

Modesty The concept of modesty dates back to the early Victorian times when women would wear dresses that started with covering the neck, extending all the way down to the ground. The arms would also be covered with long sleeves. But as the fashion world has grown and changed modesty is not as important as it used to be to everyone. Believing that the body is a temple and respecting it by dressing modestly is still relevant and important to some. People of the Islamic, Mormon, Orthodox Jewish and Amish religions show modesty in their everyday life by the choice in clothing. When looking up the word modesty on Dictonary.com, the definition came up with simple and easy to understand meaning stating, â€Å"The state or quality†¦show more content†¦The way you dress is a reflection of what you are on the inside. Your dress and grooming send messages about you to others and influence the way you and other act. When you are well groomed and modestly dressed, you invite the companionship of the Spirit and can exercise a good influence on those around you. This short paragraph puts a lot of meaning into why it is important for Mormons to dress modestly. They believe that when dressing appropriately it brings the Spirit closer, which then always brings a person closer to the Heavenly God, who they will join one day. It always explains that when dressing immodest a person can portray the wrong message to people. This may be that they are lazy from not clean clothes or promiscuous with clothing that does not cover a lot. For members of the Church of Latter- Day Saints, immodest clothing includes short shorts and skirts, tight clothing, stomach, and other reveling attire. Proper clothing for women includes wearing clothes that cover the shoulders, and avoid low-cut in the front and back. Men are also to maintain modesty in appearance. Not only is modesty important in clothing style but accessory wise too. Hairstyles should be clean and appropriate, not to wild, along with women only wearing one pair of earrings and no one disfiguring themselves with tattoos or body piercing. In Figure 2 above, it shows how students at BYU wouldShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of Fashion And Downfall2074 Words   |  9 Pagesfashion, because everyone wears clothes, lately, it s been noticeable that fashion is taking a steep decline, the celebrities have a big influence on fashion, because many people look up to them, celebrities rarely wear clothes anymore though, because modesty has all but been thrown out the window, and it is sterling to affect everyone in this day and age. Everyone wears clothes! Whether it is shorts, pants, tank top, t-shirt. We all wear clothes so we aren t naked! But as you can see it is getting lessRead MoreShould Christians Keep Up With The Latest Styles?1214 Words   |  5 Pageswomen went down so would the minds of the Men. (â€Å"The Corruption†) If society always stayed in the mentality of sticking with what ever were done in the past then society would have a hard time advancing future generations. Modesty is based on cultural context. There are cultural differences such as the USA vs. France. (Hermeneutics) In the country we live in it is not ok to be in public nude. Then in France they are more open to things such as nude beaches. Obviously there are boundaries like thatRead MoreSchool Uniforms Should Be Public Schools968 Words   |  4 Pagessocioeconomic classes Christopher Cascio tackles the same arguments that Kouzmine addresses in her argument. These next f ew paragraphs will emphasize Michelle Kouzmine s main reasons supporting school uniforms: Cultural Integration and Simple Economics. Does having dress code control affect Cultural Integration within Schools? Dress Code control is an issue both sides would have to agree on in the debate. Kouzmine and Cascio agree on some issues. They agree that having dress codes with or without uniformsRead MoreCultural Conflict : The Eyes Of A Strict Culture Descendant1296 Words   |  6 PagesCultural Conflict In the eyes of a strict culture descendant, the American culture would be a mockery to the traditional Pakistani culture. My daily life has been surrounded by American traditions as opposed to my parents expectations pertaining to their culture. The Pakistani culture revolves around many aspects including education, marriage and family, body image, and interactions with the public. Education is highly stressed in typical Pakistani families, and most families prefer their childrenRead MoreAll Men Are Created Equal1313 Words   |  6 PagesI have to censor myself because a man will get â€Å"too distracted† in class? Last time I checked that sounds more like his problem than mine. Unfortunately, that’s not how a majority of the world views the subject matter, since virtue and modesty are, by cultural equation, the same as family honor (Judith, 104). However, this dress code affects more than just girls in schools—in many countries, the government itself enfor ces a kind of dress code. For instance, in Saudi Arabia, women can’t wear clothesRead MoreWho Is The Leader Of Petchys Society?2226 Words   |  9 Pagestouched the subject of their sexuality, since I was writing for a general audience and I considered it too extreme for even the uninhibited free-spirits of our own world. In a society that never conceived a need for clothing, the concepts of personal modesty, shame and coyness we take for granted are utterly and completely foreign, virtually incomprehensible to them. I do not know you well, but based on our limited time together, I read you as being rather prudish about such things, reluctant to embraceRead MoreCultural Relativism And Moral Relativism1620 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Cultural relativism is a certain perspective, which was adopted by the anthropologists in the course of the early years of 1900’s. Cultural relativism basically states that every culture is equal to any other culture and all cultures are legitimate expressions of the human spirit. In accordance to the specifications of cultural relativism, people are expected to attempt to gain an understanding of the other culture by basically viewing them through their individual â€Å"cultural lens†. In thatRead MoreHuman Behavior, Ethnocentrism, And Cultural Relativism1466 Words   |  6 Pagesstudying human behavior, ethnocentrism and cultural relativism will be examined as these concepts expose the authors (McDonnell 2016). Male domination will also be considered while examining these concepts as an important trait in the Afghan society. Ethnocentrism is an idea supported by a mixture of beliefs that one’s own culture is superior to any other culture. The ideas, foreign ways, and values of them are less human or less rational (McDonnell 2016). Cultural relativism, on the other hand, is theRead MoreCultural Appropriation : A Celebration Of Indian Culture950 Words   |  4 PagesCultural appropriation is taking an aspect of someone’s culture of which you are not a part of, and using it in your own way. Cultural appropriation can either be a cultural celebration, or it can cause â€Å"profound offense†¦ (to) a person’s core values and sense of self.† There is a distinction between celebrating another culture and offensively appropriating it. In this essay, I will use two music videos to make this distinction. The first video, â€Å"Bounce,† is a gross mutilation of Indian culture,Read MoreThe Elements Of Moral Philosophy1407 Words   |  6 Pagesthe positives and negatives regarding the concept of cultural relativism, but his overall position is that cultural relativism is not a strong philosophy. On the flip side of that Immanuel Kant has a completely different ethical theory that is based around deontology. Despite its positives, cultural relativism cannot be defended against Rachels’ criticism, but Kant’s ethical theory cannot necessarily defeat cultural relativism either. Cultural Relativism is the idea that moral practices and social

The Scarlet Letter, Guilt, And Its Effect On A Person

When was the last time you felt guilty? What did you do to make you feel that way, and were you punished for it? In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Scarlet Letter, guilt, and its effect on a person are explored in two well-defined characters; Hester Prynne and Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Guilt can be disastrous to a person’s health, well-being, and internal spirit, as displayed by our two characters own private struggles. Placed intermittently throughout the novel, three different scaffold scenes show various stages of guilt, and, in a way, its progressive torture over time. In the first scaffold scene, placed at the very beginning of the novel, main character, Hester Prynne mounts the scaffold to serve her ignominy. Then, in the next scene, Dimmesdale’s concealed guilt is shown when he stands atop the platform in the dead of night with his fellow adulterer and secret child. Finally, readers witness Dimmesdale’s transformation from concealed to revealed guilt in th e last scaffold scene, in which he finally confesses to his sin. Based upon these three separate instances, you can see the pain, suffering, and damage that guilt can instill on a person, and how the scaffold reveals this. Literary classic, The Scarlet Letter, set in the middle of the seventeenth century in Boston, Massachusetts, begins with a beautiful, elegant woman, bearing the name Hester Prynne, being escorted out a town prison and onto the town scaffold. With her, she carries her illegitimate child, conceived outsideShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Scarlet Letter 1434 Words   |  6 Pages Dark romanticism is defined as emphasizing the fatality and proclivity of sin and guilt. This new subgenre explores the conflict between good and evil and later reveals the psychological effects it has on one s body. Many works of literature have used elements of dark romanticism such as the novel â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Hawthorne s novel illustrates dark romanticism and the effects it has on characters such as Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Hester Prynne. It is clearRead MoreWhat Is the Moral of the Scarlet Letter? Essay952 Words   |  4 Pages Nathan iel Hawthorne is famous for his long fictional work the scarlet letter in 1850, which is still considered as the most important work of him. The scarlet letter involves the presence of facts and figures to support the text and also includes the fictional work in the text. Hawthorne was actually inspired from the manuscripts he got in the custom house in Salem while he was working as an executive officer or the surveyor in custom house where the taxes are paid, their he foundRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter869 Words   |  4 Pagesand believes that evil can overtake good. In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne employs elements of Romanticism and symbolism to communicate the idea that sin and guilt have psychological effects which can turn into physical and mental manifestations. Hawthorne utilizes the romantic element of the focus on the individual to examine the effects of sin and guilt on Hester. Hester commits adultery, and is punished by being forced to wear a scarlet ‘A’, which is the symbol of the sin she committedRead MoreGuilt And Shame In Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter1401 Words   |  6 PagesGuilt and shame, we all know these emotions, they put your stomach in knots, a burning feeling in your face, and make your hands shake as you shrink deep into yourself. Guilt and shame influence your decisions, perspective, and even your physical state after a prolonged period of time. Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter excellently represents the effect these emotions have on a person. The Scarlet Letter, which is set in 1644 Puritan Boston, dabbles with sin, guilt, and redemption through theRead MoreGuilt in the Scarlet Letter and the Crucible Essay995 Words   |  4 PagesScarlet Letter/Crucible Essay The presence of guilt has been felt by all human beings. As guilt grows in a persons life it eventually begins to have a deteriorating effect on the individual. In both The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible more than one of the characters are experiencing some form of guilt and the effects of the publics opinion on their own personal sins. Each characters guilt originates from a different personal problem and with each characters guilt comesRead More The Lasting Effect of Sin and Guilt on Hester and Dimmesdale1451 Words   |  6 PagesWithout an honorable reputation a person is not worthy of respect from others in their society. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel, The Scarlet Letter, the struggle to shake off the past is an underlying theme throughout the novel. Characters in this novel go through their lives struggling with trying to cope with the guilt and shame associated with actions that lost them their honorable reputation. Particularly, Hawthorne shows the lasting effect that sin and guilt has on two of the main charactersRead MoreStereotypes in the Scarlet Letter1441 Words   |  6 Pagesnovel The Scarlet Letter that some dogmatic attempts by society to label a person by his or her actions in the past will fail. Subjectivity across the community and throughout time changes the meaning of a symbol society implements to control an idea. The scarlet letter â€Å"A† Hester Prynne we ars exemplifies this. The town wants the object to arouse feelings of ignominy towards Hester; however, not everyone who meets Hester interprets it the same way. The town originally regards the letters as a significationRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1187 Words   |  5 PagesPuritanism in Red Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter shows the early view of Puritanism by concentrating on sin, guilt, and its effects on society. Nathaniel Hawthorne conveyed a dark and romantic style of writing in â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, impacting the society by focusing on the concepts of romanticism. The Scarlet Letter is considered a classic book and is still read today. Nathaniel Hathorne was born in Salem, Massachusetts on July 4, 1804. He was the son of Nathaniel and Elizabeth ClarkRead MoreEssay on Guilt In The Scarlet Letter And The Crucible987 Words   |  4 PagesThe presence of guilt has been felt by all human beings. As guilt grows in a person’s life it eventually begins to have a deteriorating effect on the individual. In both The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible more than one of the characters are experiencing some form of guilt and the effects of the public’s opinion on their own personal sins. Each character’s guilt originates from a different personal problem and with each character’s guilt comes a different reactionRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between The Crucible And The Scarlet Letter1111 Words   |  5 Pagesresulting in the loss of control and power over the people. The Scarlet Letter written by Nathaniel Hawthorne and The Crucible by Arthur Miller depict those same societal issues. The Scarlet Letter explains the consequences, that a women has to face on her own after she committed adultery in a Puritan society. The Crucible follows the Salem witch trials and the mass hysteria of the people in, an also, Puritan society. Both The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible had a similar puritan society and way of questioning

Perception Of Authority - 796 Words

Nil Patel Perception of Authority An instance of travel on the most elementary level is a journey to another location. In Home and Harem, Inderpal Grewal identifies travel as an institution of England. The voyage to new territories had sparked a new era filled with new opportunities and ideals in the European continent. Most importantly travel became an agent of English nationalism and was a key aspect in rise of imperialism. To expand England’s domain of influence became a collective journey and eventually being a subject of England was equivalent to being imperialist. For people that could not travel, the guidebook acted as the object of mediation between authority and those it was imposed on (105). At the Metropolitan Museum, the Egyptian exhibit is also represented under a certain niche monitored by authority. The â€Å"spectator culture† may vary based on prior knowledge, but the carefully fabricated environment showcases how the controller authorizes representation within their domains. There is an unsettled discussion on the pertinence of imperialism to all classes in England. While some consider it just a concern of the nobility others link it to the manifestation of newborn nationalism and patriotism in all classes beginning from the mid-19th century. John Mackenzie in Propaganda and Empire and Imperialism and Pop Culture introduces the concept of â€Å"generalized imperial vision† as a counterview to the discussion. He sees classes as formations that are predetermined.Show MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture And Its Effect On Individual Perception Of Authority, Behavior, And Learning945 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant as to reflect the intentions and direction that an organization is heading. Weak, toxic cultures could be the ruin of any organization. In order to change culture, it is especially vital to grasp the nuances of its effect on individual perception of authority, behavior, and learning. Thus, this paper utilizes the readings in this session to di scuss and analyze organizational culture as well as the dynamic characteristics that create and perpetuate such cultures. Organizational Culture In orderRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System1305 Words   |  6 Pagesgoverning authorities, for there is no authority except that which God has established. God has created the authorities that exist. Consequently, whoever rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves. For rulers hold no terror for those who do right, but for those who do wrong. Do you want to be free from fear of the one in authority? Then do what is right and you will be commended. For the one in authority is God’sRead MorePresidential Power And Presidential Authority1487 Words   |  6 Pagesgrants them with both authority and power. However the authority and power that come from this are two vastly different things. Presidential power is as Neustadt defines the power to persuade with the effect of creating legislation, where as presidential authority is the formal and figurative duties granted in the constitution. Preside ntial power is akin to what specific action is chosen, and presidential authority are the perceivable routes of action. Presidential authority acts as the base for presidentialRead MoreDifferent Aspects Of Criminal Justice914 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessionals must act with integrity (Hendrix, 2013). Acting with integrity will ensure the approval of God. This is reiterated in Romans when it says, â€Å"For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive His approval† (Romans 13:3, English Standard Version). Law enforcement officials have the power to stop evil and have been commanded by God to accomplish this task. Although they cannot remove evil, theyRead MorePublic Adherence And Compliance With Law Enforcement Essay1516 Words   |  7 Pagespublic adherence and compliance with law enforcement. Moreover, public perceptions of, and experiences with the police have played a critical role in police effectiveness (Beck et al. 1999), and in order for police to prosper and adequately function, they require public support. To date, there have been adequate research and investigations conducted on the level of confidence and general public perception on the police. Perceptions were based on police ability to respond to and fight crime, maintainingRead MoreThe Popularity Of Healthy Food And Poor Nutrition777 Words   |  4 Pagesthe increasing importance placed on healthy living and nutrition in America it raises the question, Why do so many people face diseases related to poor nutrition? Several factors are thought to be attributes to the correlation of the consumer’s perception of healthy food and poor nutrition. The most significant factor being the proliferation of claims on food packaging that gives a misleading picture of a products healthfulness. â€Å"Current food labeling practices include both actual misbranding andRead MoreAnimal Farm A nd Fahrenheit 4511662 Words   |  7 Pagesappearance of a particular object or individual, where in actuality, they depict certain ideas that are considerably more elaborate than just its physical attributes. Throughout all three texts, the competence of how authority figures are characterized, aids in forming people’s perceptions which has a compelling influence on who attains ascendency. In the allegorical novella, Animal Farm by George Orwell, it conveys Orwell s perspective regarding communism during the Russian Revolution through an accountRead MoreThe Classics Of Organization Theory1321 Words   |  6 Pagesorganizations. This is what he describes as the â€Å"The Iron Law of Oligarchy.† This is where the masses, are ruled by the few leaders in an organization. Communication is controlled and not shared with those of lower stature, and all decision and authority is held at the highest level. In the military, there are officers that display these types of l eadership traits. It is normally seen in either younger officers who have not been in leadership positions, or senior officer who have been staff officersRead MoreThe Feminist Criticism Of Antigone Essay1703 Words   |  7 Pagesfeminist criticism approach evaluates how sexual identity impacts the creation and perception of literary pieces of art. It was originally an offshoot of the feminist movements but has currently employed certain approaches, such as the Masculinity approach, which is advocated by Robert Bly. Feminist criticism takes a primary role in articulating the patriarchal perceptions that have dominated the Western thought. The perceptions have consciously or unconsciously resulted in literature which is full of rawRead MoreEthical Leadership Styles As Tools For Influencing Organizational Culture751 Words   |  4 Pagesanalyze different leadership models under the different cultures to select one that works best. Selecting a leadership model that works across cu ltures is a challenging preposition, one that will be address in this paper. Perception of use of power, influence, and authority â€Å"Authority is generally seen as a special form of power, which refers to the ability to influence outcomes through force, coercion or persuasion, and through legitimate or non-legitimate means. Power is typically understood as a

Maquiladora Industry Free Essays

In this paper I will discuss the history and practices of the Maquiladora industry. I will discuss its background, its problems, the benefits it offers to United States companies, and the impact the NAFTA has and will have on the industry. In addition, I will make a suggestion on a possible strategy the Maquiladoras can adopt in order to address the challenges brought on by the NAFTA, to ensure it remains a strong force in the future. We will write a custom essay sample on Maquiladora Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mexican agricultural workers had been granted temporary work visas allowing them to work in the United States† agricultural industries through a program called the Bracero Program until 1965 when this program was terminated. As a result of this termination, the unemployment rate had exceeded 70% in certain border cities. In May of 1965 the Border Industrialization Program was established as a replacement for the Bracero program. It was later renamed the Maquiladora Program. The program was established by the Mexican government to provide employment for Mexico†s rapidly growing population along its border with the United States. This program was utilized to keep Mexicans from entering the United States. The idea was that Mexican workers would be kept on the Mexican side of the border if they were given factory jobs on the Mexican side. The Maquiladora program also wanted to attract foreign manufacturing facilities, technology, and know-how by giving a permanent tax holiday to manufacturing companies that would set up â€Å"twin plants† on the Mexican side of the border. In the beginning of the program, all foreign-owned operations had to be located within a 20-kilometer strip along the US-Mexican border. Since 1972 they can be located anywhere in Mexico. In 1996 there were around 2,500 Maquiladoras – 35% of them were located in the interior states of Mexico. Last year there were over 3,000 and more and more of these operations are being located outside of the border regions. Each of Mexico†s 31 states has at least one Maquiladora. Maquiladoras, also referred to as â€Å"in bond† or â€Å"twin† plants, are allowed to temporarily import into Mexico (free of tax) machinery, equipment, replacement parts, raw materials, and just about anything that was used in the assembly or manufacture of semi-finished or finished products. Once assembled or manufactured, the Maquila products must be exported unless special permission is obtained to sell a limited amount of output in the Mexican market. When these products are imported back to the United States, import duties are levied on the foreign value-added only. If Maquila products stay in Mexico, the are subject to applicable Mexican duties. The largest issue surrounding the Maquiladora industry is the exploitation of cheap labor. The working conditions are often unsafe, workers are not compensated adequately for their labor, attempts to unionize are discouraged; and sexual discrimination and harassment are too common. The conditions in and outside the Maquiladoras are terrible. Workers perform tasks such as welding without protective masks, leather gloves, or goggles (in many instances) and industrial accidents and toxic exposures are common. This, along with malnutrition caused by low salaries, produce skin illnesses, cancer, irregularities in menstruation, abortions, tumors, intoxication and birth of undernourished or disabled babies. Of the employees, many are young girls and women ranging from the ages of 14 to 20. They work 6 days a week in 10-hour shifts. The average weekly salary for a Maquiladora worker is US$35 – $45 even though the average monthly rent for a house with public services such as running water and electricity is around $200 a month. For the most part, Maquiladoras are unorganized. In those that are organized, state-controlled unions represent the workers. Although some companies are unionized on paper, the unions, for the most part, function to reinforce management policies rather than for the benefit of workers. Then there are what are called â€Å"phantom† unions. These unions do not fight for the worker†s rights. The workers do not even know them and have never seen their union leaders. When a conflict arises in a factory, management informs the worker that their unions have accept these or those conditions. Not only are they not protected by existing unions, those that attempt to unionize and are often threatened or bribed by plant managers and the government. In many companies, discrimination against and harassment of the female employees is very common. Female job applicants are required to produce urine samples to be used for pregnancy test, while some have company doctors and nurses examine the applicants or ask confidential information concerning their contraceptive practices. This is done because pregnant women are refused employment. Sexual harassment is often the rule rather than the exception. Rapes occur frequently and few are reported because women fear being fired or blacklisted. Shame and humiliation also keep them quiet. In Mexico, men and women are equal before the law, but the law does not recognize discrimination as a problem to be solved. The Pollution Brought on by the Maquiladoras The increased pollution, accompanied by the dumping of tons of hazardous wastes, poses a serious health threat to the residents of Mexico as well as the resident of the bordering US states. There are several canals that are â€Å"black† with chemical wastes that have been measured at levels that greatly exceed permissible standards. One factory was caught dumping drums of paint, solvents, and shellac into a drain. In other areas there are abandoned lead smelters and air full of soot and dust from brick-making ovens and smoldering tire dumps. Main Advantages for the United States† Companies For the United States companies this was a great advantage since Maquiladoras operates at very low costs in places where the currency is weaker than the dollar–such as Mexico. The less a currency is worth, the more relative value the dollar has. Since Mexico†s peso is relatively week, companies can trade their dollars for pesos with which they pay workers and expenses. The products they manufacture, however, are sold for dollars, increasing their profits by huge margins whenever the local currency falls. They could enhance competitiveness, reduce their costs, and maintain quality by placing their labor-intensive operations in the less developed Mexico, benefiting from the lower wage rates there. For many US companies, manufacturing in Mexico has become necessary to battle overseas competition. Since many manufacturers are moving to â€Å"just-in-time† inventory systems, the quick delivery possible from Mexico†s border towns offers a substantial advantage over Asian alternatives. The NAFTA†s Impact on the Maquiladora Industry Traditionally, Maquiladoras offered foreign businesses several advantages over other forms of direct foreign investment. Since the signing of NAFTA, however, many of these advantages are either being phased-out or granted to all Mexican companies. The most significant advantages of operating as a Maquiladoras include: 100% foreign investment, operation without ownership of assets, tax sheltering of cost centers, and 100% duty-drawback or waivers for temporary imports. Furthermore, the NAFTA attempted to address the labor exploitation and environmental problems associated with the Maquiladora industry. One of the benefits of the Maquiladora program is 100% foreign investment of Mexican operations, which formerly was not allowed. However, Mexico†s Foreign Investment Law has changed through the years (most significantly in 1989 and 1994)-full investment is now allowed in most business ventures. Operation Without Ownership of Assets Another advantage that Maquiladoras have is that they can receive production materials and capital goods as loans from their parent and client companies. As a result, most Maquiladoras have little of no inventory of fixed assets, eliminating the need to pay the Mexican asset tax of 2% of all assets. In January 1995, the Mexican IRS reported that Maquiladoras would now have to factor the depreciation of â€Å"loaned† assets in price-transfer calculations, which is the first step toward phasing-out this advantage by 2001. When Maquiladoras are structured as cost center (providing manufacturing services for a foreign parent) the foreign corporation has traditionally paid the Mexican company for operating costs plus negligible profit. By doing this they avoid Mexico†s 34% corporate income tax, 10% mandatory profit sharing, and asset taxes. Now the Mexican IRS is changing the way Maquiladoras must declare assets. Over the next few years, Maquiladoras will be forced to raise their declared profit percentage to a rate that is comparable to that of two unrelated companies performing the same transaction at â€Å"arm†s length†. This is the type of transfer pricing procedure that is implemented by most trading blocks, like the EC. It will soon be effect throughout North America. 100% Duty-Drawback or Waivers for Temporary Imports Maquiladoras have always allowed Mexican companies 100% duty drawback or waivers in imported components that are exported as final goods. Since 1994, this has provided many Maquiladora programs a way to use non-NAFTA materials within products without the need to pay the corresponding duties over those materials when importing or exporting goods to other NAFTA nations. On January 1, 2001, Maquiladoras that manufacture goods for export to NAFTA partner countries will no longer be allowed to take the waiver. The waiver will still be available for goods that are going to non-NAFTA countries. In 1995 the NAFTA†s of Labor created the National Administrative Office (NAO) as well as the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC). Both were intended to stop labor abuses. The NOA was established to monitor labor complaints that NAFTA critic†s voice regarding unfair labor practices. The NAO can recommend â€Å"ministerial consultations† as well as imposed heavy sanctions against Mexico. Unfortunately, the side agreements proved useless. The NOA cannot force Maquiladoras to allow unions-the most they can do is recommend â€Å"ministerial consultations.† Sexual harassment and discrimination continues as well. The NAFTA has also created side agreements covering the environment. One of them is the North American Development Bank (NAD Bank). Its purpose was to finance wastewater treatment projects along the border in the poorer communities. However, the most important criteria that needed to be met in order to receive funds were meeting certain market considerations. With this program NAFTA â€Å"encouraged† growth without regard for the environment through its practice of placing market consideration above environmental protection. Another is the Commission for Economic Cooperation (CEC). The CEC was established to investigate governmental non-enforcement of environmental laws. Unfortunately it has no power to enforce ,they can only investigate-and they can†t even do that until Mexico collects the data on the pollution for them. Possible Strategy for the Maquiladora Industry As long as the Mexican currency is weaker than the US dollar I don†t think that the changes are going to dramatically effect the flow of US companies to the south. However, the Maquiladora industry cannot count on this for continued growth. By the year 2001 the Maquiladora industry as we know it now will have significantly changed when the phasing out is complete. Maquiladoras will no longer be â€Å"tax break† establishments; they will be just like other foreign investments. In order for them to fully compete in the near future they must become more efficient and leaner. The impact of globalization is forcing manufacturers to produce more rapidly and cheaply than ever before and to continuously improve. Because there will be no differentiation between the non-Maquiladora and Maquiladora industries I feel the inefficient producers will be wiped out. Therefor, Maquiladora employees will need better training, education, incentives as well improved working conditions and hi gher wages. Operations will also have to be streamlined in order to reap the benefits of economies of scale and scope. In addition, Mexicans as well as US citizens will start to demand more accountability from the Mexican government and the Maquiladora industry. They need to be more responsible for their actions. What will the U.S. corporations do when human rights activists and environmentalists start lobbying and protesting on their US sites? Do they want to risk losing their shareholders to this type of negative attention? How to cite Maquiladora Industry, Essay examples

The Heart Essay Research Paper The HeartIntroductionYou free essay sample

The Heart Essay, Research Paper The Heart Introduction You need your bosom for all your organic structure needs. It pumps about 2000 gallons of blood a twenty-four hours. It takes about 20 seconds for blood to make every cell in the organic structure. An arteria carries blood out from the bosom. A vena carries blood back to the bosom. An mean grownup bosom weighs about 10-13 ounces ( 300 to 350 gms ) . The rate which the bosom pumps varies depending on what your making. When at rest the bosom pumps more easy. When you run the bosom rate additions to supply musculuss and other tissues with extra O they need. The typical bosom rate is 72 beats per minute. Each round gives out 2-3 ounces of blood pumped into the arterial system. At this bosom rate it beats about 104,000 times a twenty-four hours. The Superior and Inferior are the biggest venas in the organic structure. The Superior is truly the biggest. These venas have a batch of C dioxide and have oxygen-poor blood. The aorta is the biggest arteria in the whole organic structure. Which will be covered in the study. The pneumonic vena takes the blood out of the bosom and takes it to the lungs. Today we will speak about many different parts of the bosom: The Three Layers of Muscle, Atriums, Ventricles, Systole and Diastole, Treatments for the Heart, Valves, and many Diseases. The Three Layers of Muscle The bosom has three beds of a muscular wall. A thin bed of tissue, the pericardium covers the exterior, and another bed, the endocardium, lines the interior. The myocardium is the in-between bed and is the biggest of all. Myocardial Infarction is a disease subsequently read about in this study. The pericardium is a hempen pouch which is really smooth liner. In the infinite infinite between the pericardium and visceral pericardium is a little sum of fluid. This fluid makes the motion of the bosom muscles smooth. Myocardium is the bosom musculus itself. Atriums The right atrium is a low force per unit area pump that moves blood into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. The atria are the two upper Chamberss of the bosom. The right atrium receives blood from the venas which is low in O and high in C dioxide ; this blood is so transferred to the right lower chamber, or right ventricle, and is pumped into the lungs. Ventricles The ventricle is a muscular chamber that pumps blood out of the bosom and into the circulatory system. Right Ventricle The right ventricle has a thicker and stronger muscular wall than the right atrium. The right ventricle pumps the oxygen-poor blood through the pneumonic valve into the lungs where blood gives up C dioxide it has carried from tissues. At the same clip blood absorbs O. From the lungs pumping action moves blood to a having chamber on the other side of the bosom. The left atrium, gently pumps the blood to the left ventricle through the mitral valve. Left Ventricle The left ventricle gives a powerful pumping action to direct the O enriched in blood into the aorta. The aorta is the chief arteria which subdivides and delivers the blood to the organic structure # 8217 ; s tissues including encephalon, variety meats, and appendages. Systole and Diastole Systole is the contraction of the ventricles of the bosom which forces blood out. Diastole is the relaxation of ventricles to let blood to come in. Treatments for the Heart Angioplasty is a technique used to clear arterias that have become blocked with fatty sedimentations. Angiography is used to x-ray the blood vass. Valves In the bosom there are two valves that prevent backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria. On the right side of the bosom is the tricuspid valve, composed of three flaps of tissue ; on the left is the two-piece mitral valve. Disease Congenital Disorders Scope of minor to serious inborn upsets are really apparent at or shortly after birth. Ventricular Septal Defect Ventricular Septal Defect is most common for bosom deformity. An infant born with a defect has an gap between the lower Chamberss ( ventricles ) of its bosom so there is an increased blood flow from the left side to the right side because the left side has more force per unit area than right side. The lungs at this province are under really high in force per unit area. Treatment for this disease depends on it size of defect. About 30 % -50 % of little defects near spontaneously during the first twelvemonth of life. Artrial Septal Defect Atrial Septal defect is a gap which is high in the bosom between the upper Chamberss ( atria ) . This disease is more common in female babies than in male babies, and it frequently occurs with kids who ha ve Down syndrome. Disorders of Heart Rate and Rhythm The control mechanism for bosom rate involves electrical urges. One of the four Chamberss, right atrium, contains group cells called fistula node. The fistula node Acts of the Apostless as a pacesetter, which produces electrical urges that signal the musculus of the bosom to spread out and to contract in the pumping rhythm. The bosom rate of a human can acquire up to 200 beats a minute if you exert yourself. If something goes incorrect with the fistula node and normal tempo of bosom is disturbed or bothered, one of a figure of rhythmic upsets can go on. Too rapid or fast of a pulse is called tachycardia, and excessively slow of a pulse is called bradycardia. The bosom can besides be affected by baccy or usage of other drugs. Heart Arrhythmias Here are some marks of this disease: None, skipped pulses, light- headedness, thorax uncomfortableness, and shortness of breath. If the beat of bosom round is disturbed job is arrhythmia. You possibly unaware of the job. Heart Murmurs Heart mutters can be heard by a doctor as a soft hushing sound which follow the normal sounds of bosom action. Heart murmurs can state you if that blood is leaking out through a valve and can signal a serious bosom job. Heart mutters can sometimes repair themselves. Myocardial Infarct Myocardial infarction is a disease of myocardium musculus in the bosom. Heart musculus and it # 8217 ; s liners can acquire a disease for case myocardial infarction. You might non hold done anything incorrect even though, but it still could go on. Myocardium gets blood from the coronary arteria. When non plenty blood reaches the this musculus it is called myocardial infarction. It is normally rare, but it can damage the bosom musculus really severely. Cardiomyopathy Here are some marks for this disease: short times of fast pulses, shortness of breath, failing, thorax hurting, fainting, and unstable keeping. Fluid keeping is besides known as redema. Redema means swelling of organic structure tissues due to excessive fluid. When the musculus of the bosom is damaged or faulty it could take to a disease known as myocardiopathy. This could go on by bacteriums or expansion of the wall. Diseases and Disorders for Heart Valves Each valve consists of 2 or 3 thin creases of tissues. When closed valve prevents blood from fluxing to the following chamber or from returning from the old one. When a valve gap is narrowed and flow through is limited, the status is stenosis. Each valve may be capable to stricture or obstructor. In some instances a valve will lose its form or droop ( prolapsus ) or fail to shut which causes a back flow of blood ( regurgitation ) could besides be caused by infection or inborn jobs. Tachycardia Tachycardia occurs usually during and after exercising or during emphasis and represents no danger to healthy persons. In some instances, nevertheless, tachycardia occurs without evident cause.The bosom can crush every bit many as 240 times per minute in tachycardia. Tachycardia can be ended by lying down. Vascular System and Diseases of It The vascular system consists of blood vass in the organic structure. The vass become smaller as they extend further from the bosom. The aorta delivers its flow to big arterias into smaller vass. Arterioles supply bantam capillaries which nourish tissues. Oxygen is traveling from the capillaries to the tissues, and C dioxide from tissues taken up into the capillaries. Arteries have to be strong every bit good as flexible because of the force per unit area of the blood being pumped through the venous system. Veins get bigger when they get closer to the bosom. Disorders of Blood Vessels A disease or a upset for the blood vass can be fatal. Coronary Artery Disease The coronary arterias supply and keep the myocardium. Coronary artery disease can do a bosom onslaught or high blood pressure when blood vass get little or filled up with cholesterin, cicatrix tissue, or Ca. Other jobs can go on besides. For case upsets for the bosom valves or for the bosom musculus and pericardium. Decision The bosom is something you need every twenty-four hours you can # 8217 ; t live with out it. Exercise, eat a balanced diet, and ever have medical examinations. People don # 8217 ; t believe a medical examination will truly make anything, but believe it because it will. You might non cognize you have something incorrect with your bosom or something else in your organic structure and so you might acquire sick. So, Don # 8217 ; t eat junky nutrients excessively frequently. Keep your bosom safe and healthy every bit long as you can. Today I have talked about the bosom and many other things every bit good such as the diseases of the bosom, the vascular system, and more.